{
  "id": "QSY-LIB-0010",
  "title": "琥珀：树脂来源、包裹体与珂巴的关系",
  "topic": "有机宝石",
  "kind": "材料条目",
  "group": "knowledge",
  "summary": "琥珀属于由古代树脂形成的有机宝石，可保存动植物碎片和气泡。珂巴也是树脂相关材料，但相对年轻；气泡描述本身不能完成真伪或年代判断。",
  "aliases": [
    "琥珀",
    "amber",
    "珂巴",
    "柯巴",
    "copal",
    "树脂"
  ],
  "properties": [
    {
      "name": "英文名称",
      "value": "Amber",
      "source": "ref-qianshuiyu-05"
    },
    {
      "name": "材料类别",
      "value": "由古代树脂形成的有机宝石",
      "source": "ref-qianshuiyu-05"
    },
    {
      "name": "可见包裹体",
      "value": "动植物碎片、气泡等",
      "source": "ref-qianshuiyu-05"
    },
    {
      "name": "云雾外观",
      "value": "大量气泡可使材料呈云雾状",
      "source": "ref-qianshuiyu-05"
    },
    {
      "name": "相关材料",
      "value": "Copal（珂巴），相对年轻的树脂材料",
      "source": "ref-qianshuiyu-05"
    }
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "title": "包裹体和材料结论分别回答什么",
      "paragraphs": [
        "包裹体记录内部观察到的特征。名称、处理、来源与年代则是其他问题，不能用“里面有气泡”替代这些问题所需的证据。"
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "琥珀与珂巴怎样放在一起理解",
      "paragraphs": [
        "可以把它们作为树脂材料的相关词进行检索，再核对原文如何描述形成与年代。不同资料的术语界定要保留出处，本条不自行规定适用于所有检测标准的年限分界。",
        "需要比较照片时，应对应同一物件编号，并保存整体图和局部图；图上圈出的气泡位置属于观察记录，不等于实验结论。"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "text": "GIA将琥珀介绍为古代树脂形成的有机宝石，内部可保存动植物碎片；气泡是常见包裹体，大量气泡可令外观呈云雾状。珂巴是相关但更年轻的树脂材料。",
      "source": "ref-qianshuiyu-05"
    }
  ],
  "fields": [],
  "steps": [],
  "limit": "仅作材料与术语说明，不由包裹体、照片或颜色给单件材料确定年代、真伪、价格与来源。",
  "sources": [
    "ref-qianshuiyu-05"
  ],
  "status": "可公开知识资料",
  "authoring": "AI辅助整理；事实对应原始出处，未声称实物检测或专家审稿。",
  "version": 1,
  "published": "2026-09-18",
  "modified": "2026-09-18",
  "checked": "2026-09-18",
  "site": "qianshuiyu",
  "slug": "qsy-lib-0010",
  "url": "https://www.qianshuiyu.com/library/entries/qsy-lib-0010.html",
  "image": {
    "url": "https://www.qianshuiyu.com/zb_users/upload/2026/09/knowledge-batch02/qianshuiyu-05.webp",
    "width": 1280,
    "height": 800,
    "alt": "琥珀：观察与判断分开示意图：材料，古代树脂形成，属于有机宝石；包裹体，可见气泡或生物碎片，大量气泡可形成云雾外观；证据边界，气泡不是单一鉴定法，名称与处理需另行核实。非实物照片。",
    "caption": "图：琥珀：观察与判断分开。本站原创知识示意图，非实物照片，不按比例；依据及范围见正文。",
    "rights": "本站原创知识图解，未复制机构图片",
    "sha256": "ae00875ee52cd41ae9acc9e723ea3434c7d518f768a3d81802c60188895fe4f0"
  },
  "related_entry_ids": [
    "QSY-LIB-0001",
    "QSY-LIB-0004",
    "QSY-LIB-0009"
  ],
  "related_articles": [
    {
      "title": "琥珀里的气泡意味着什么？区分包裹体描述与真伪判断",
      "url": "https://www.qianshuiyu.com/yuanshibaike/22777.html"
    }
  ],
  "change_reason": "新增具体知识或对象档案，关联原始出处与已发布解读。",
  "source_records": [
    {
      "id": "SRC-LIB-QIANSHUIYU-05",
      "title": "GIA：Amber Description",
      "publisher": "GIA",
      "url": "https://www.gia.edu/amber-description",
      "published": "原页未标明确切发布日期",
      "kind": "机构科普或研究",
      "summary": "GIA将琥珀介绍为古代树脂形成的有机宝石，内部可保存动植物碎片；气泡是常见包裹体，大量气泡可令外观呈云雾状。珂巴是相关但更年轻的树脂材料。",
      "locator": "正文与样本信息；本条标注的事实及其限定范围",
      "scope": "仅作材料与术语说明，不由包裹体、照片或颜色给单件材料确定年代、真伪、价格与来源。",
      "checked": "2026-09-18"
    }
  ],
  "publisher": "千水玉石网"
}